# Top arXiv papers

• It is proposed, based on the Landau-Ginzburg Theory of phase transitions, that the transition from the stable and naturally driven conditions of the Holocene to the human driven condition of the Anthropocene is, actually, a phase transition. Based on this physical framework, one obtains the Anthropocene equation, the so-called Great Acceleration and shows that (i) the Earth system temperatures diverge from the average temperature of the Holocene as the cubic root of the human intervention, described by a parameter, $H$; (ii) the departure from the Holocene can be as drastic as the ones due to natural, astronomical and geophysical causes; (iii) the susceptibility of the Earth System to human effects is much higher near the phase transition.
• Voice cloning is a highly desired feature for personalized speech interfaces. Neural network based speech synthesis has been shown to generate high quality speech for a large number of speakers. In this paper, we introduce a neural voice cloning system that takes a few audio samples as input. We study two approaches: speaker adaptation and speaker encoding. Speaker adaptation is based on fine-tuning a multi-speaker generative model with a few cloning samples. Speaker encoding is based on training a separate model to directly infer a new speaker embedding from cloning audios and to be used with a multi-speaker generative model. In terms of naturalness of the speech and its similarity to original speaker, both approaches can achieve good performance, even with very few cloning audios. While speaker adaptation can achieve better naturalness and similarity, the cloning time or required memory for the speaker encoding approach is significantly less, making it favorable for low-resource deployment.
• In this manuscript we review the theoretical foundations of gravitational waves in the framework of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. Following Einstein's early efforts we first derive the linearised Einstein field equations and work out the corresponding gravitational wave equation. Moreover we present the gravitational potentials in the far away wave zone field point approximation obtained from the relaxed Einstein field equations. We close this review by taking a closer look on the radiative losses of gravitating $n$-body systems and present some aspects of the current interferometric gravitational waves detectors. Each section posses a separate appendix-contribution where further computational details are displayed. To conclude we summarize the main results and present a brief outlook in terms of current ongoing efforts to build a spaced based gravitational wave observatory.
• The main purpose of this paper is to investigates structure scalars in the context of $f(\mathcal{G}, T)$ gravity, where $\mathcal{G}$ is the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and $T$ is the trace of stress energy tensor. For this aim, we have considered the spherically symmetric spacetime and dissipative anisotropic fluid coupled with radiation and heat ejecting shearing matter distributions. We have found these scalar variables by orthogonally decomposing the Riemann curvature tensor in $f(\mathcal{G}, T)$ gravity. Moreover, the evolution equations of shear and expansion are also developed with the help of these scalar functions. We have also analyzed these scalars by taking constant $\mathcal{G}$ and $T$ for dust cloud. The physical behavior of structure scalars for radiating matter distributions has been examined in the presence of modified gravity. It is shown that the evolutionary stages of relativistic stellar structures can be explored via modified scalar functions.
• The equable, Pythagorean and natural scales are built on the basis of a mathematical logic.
• In this article we describe the Java library that we have recently constructed to automatize the S-expansion method, a powerful mathematical technique allowing to relate different Lie algebras. An important input in this procedure is the use of abelian semigroups and thus, we start with a brief review about the classification of non-isomorphic semigroups made in the literature during the last decades, and explain how the lists of non-isomorphic semigroups up to order 6 can be used as inputs in many of the methods of our library. After describing the main features of the classes that compose our library we present a new method called fillTemplate which tuns out to be very useful to answer whether two given algebras can be S-related.
• Sequence-to-sequence attentional-based neural network architectures have been shown to provide a powerful model for machine translation and speech recognition. Recently, several works have attempted to extend the models for end-to-end speech translation task. However, the usefulness of these models were only investigated on language pairs with similar syntax and word order (e.g., English-French or English-Spanish). In this work, we focus on end-to-end speech translation tasks on syntactically distant language pairs (e.g., English-Japanese) that require distant word reordering. To guide the encoder-decoder attentional model to learn this difficult problem, we propose a structured-based curriculum learning strategy. Unlike conventional curriculum learning that gradually emphasizes difficult data examples, we formalize learning strategies from easier network structures to more difficult network structures. Here, we start the training with end-to-end encoder-decoder for speech recognition or text-based machine translation task then gradually move to end-to-end speech translation task. The experiment results show that the proposed approach could provide significant improvements in comparison with the one without curriculum learning.
• We demonstrate imaging using scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) of vital mitochondria in respiration buffer. The mitochondria are isolated from cultured HeLa cells and tethered to a solid graphene support. The mitochondria are kept vital (alive) using a respiration buffer, which provides nutrients to sustain the Krebs cycle. We verify that the mitochondria are "alive" by measuring the membrane potential using a voltage sensitive fluorescent dye (TMRE). The organelles are measured capacitively at 7 GHz. Several technical advances are demonstrated which enable this work: 1) The SMM operates in an electrophysiologically relevant liquid (hence conducting) environment; 2) The SMM operates in tapping mode, averaging the microwave reflection measurement over many tapping periods; 3) A tuned reflectometer enables increased sensitivity; 4) Variable frequencies up to 18 GHz are used; 5) In contrast with traditional matching/resonant methods that exhibit high quality factor that fail in the presence of liquids, interferometric/tuned reflectometer gives the possibility to adjust the quality factor or sensitivity even in the presence of the liquid.
• We use a differential constitutive equation to model the flow of a viscoelastic flow in a cross-slot geometry, which is known to exhibit bistability above a critical flow rate. The novelty lies in two asymmetric modifications to the geometry, which causes a change in the bifurcation diagram such that one of the stable solutions becomes disconnected from the solution at low flow speeds. First we show that it is possible to mirror one of the modifications such that the system can be forced to the disconnected solution. Then we show that a slow decrease of the flow rate, can cause the system to go through a drastic change on a short time scale, also known as a catastrophe. The short time scale could lead to a precise and simple experimental measurement of the flow conditions at which the viscoelastic catastrophe occurs. Since the phenomena is intrinsically related to the extensional rheology of the fluid, we propose to exploit the phenomena for in-line extensional rheometry.
• Today we have access to a vast amount of weather, air quality, noise or radioactivity data collected by individual around the globe. This volunteered geographic information often contains data of uncertain and of heterogeneous quality, in particular when compared to official in-situ measurements. This limits their application, as rigorous, work-intensive data cleaning has to be performed, which reduces the amount of data and cannot be performed in real-time. In this paper, we propose dynamically learning the quality of individual sensors by optimizing a weighted Gaussian process regression using a genetic algorithm. We chose weather stations as our use case as these are the most common VGI measurements. The evaluation is done for the south-west of Germany in August 2016 with temperature data from the Wunderground network and the Deutsche Wetter Dienst (DWD), in total 1561 stations. Using a 10-fold cross-validation scheme based on the DWD ground truth, we can show significant improvements of the predicted sensor reading. In our experiment we were obtain a 12.5% improvement on the mean absolute error.
• April 25, 2003, marked the 100th anniversary of the birth of Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov, the twentieth century's foremost contributor to the mathematical and philosophical foundations of probability. The year 2003 was also the 70th anniversary of the publication of Kolmogorov's Grundbegriffe der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung. Kolmogorov's Grundbegriffe put probability's modern mathematical formalism in place. It also provided a philosophy of probability - an explanation of how the formalism can be connected to the world of experience. In this article, we examine the sources of these two aspects of the Grundbegriffe - the work of the earlier scholars whose ideas Kolmogorov synthesized.
• In this study we explore a new simulation scheme for partial differential equations known as Information Field Dynamics (IFD). Information field dynamics attempts to improve on existing simulation schemes by incorporating Bayesian field inference into the simulation scheme. The field inference is truly Bayesian and thus depends on a notion of prior belief. A number of results are presented, both theoretical and practical. Many small fixes and results on the general theory are presented, before exploring two general classes of simulation schemes that are possible in the IFD framework. For both, we present a set of theoretical results alongside the development of a prototype scheme. The first class of models corresponds roughly to traditional fixed-grid numerical PDE solvers. The prior Bayesian assumption in these models is that the fields are smooth, and their correlation structure does not vary between locations. For these reasons we call them translation-invariant schemes. We show the requirements for stability of these schemes, but most importantly we prove that these schemes indeed converge to the true behaviour of the field in the limit of high resolutions. Convergence had never been shown for any previous IFD scheme. We also find the error scaling of these codes and show that they implement something very analogous to a high-order finite-difference derivative approximation, which are the most elementary and well-studied numerical schemes. This is an important result, which proves the validity of the IFD approach. The second class of schemes, called the SPH-like schemes are similar to existing Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics codes, in which the simulation grid moves with the flow of the field being modelled.
• Little has been published regarding whether and how sound suppressors impact bullet flight, including velocity, bullet yaw, and drag. These parameters were compared for four different bullets fired from a .300 Winchester Magnum under four different muzzle conditions (no device and three different suppressors). While effects were not observed in all cases, results indicate that sound suppressors can have the effect of reducing bullet yaw and drag significantly, and can also have small effects on muzzle velocity. Results further suggest that bullets with a propensity to yaw demonstrate significant reductions in yaw and drag when shot through a two stage symmetric suppressor versus unsuppressed or with a conventional mouse-hole/K-baffle design.

serfati philippe Feb 16 2018 10:57 UTC

+On (3 and more, 2008-13-14..) papers of bourgain etal (and their numerous descendants) on =1/ (t-static) illposednesses for the nd incompressible euler equations (and nse) and +- critical spaces, see possible counterexamples constructed on my nd shear flows, pressureless (shockless) solutions of in

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serfati philippe Feb 16 2018 10:44 UTC

+On (3 and more, 2008-13-14..) papers of bourgain etal (and their numerous descendants) on =1/ (t-static) illposednesses for the nd incompressible euler equations (and nse) and +- critical spaces, see possible counterexamples constructed on my nd shear flows, pressureless (shockless) solutions of in

...(continued)
serfati philippe Feb 15 2018 19:03 UTC

+On (3 and more, 2008-13-14..) papers of bourgain etal (and their numerous descendants) on =1/ (t-static) illposednesses for the nd incompressible euler equations (and nse) and +- critical spaces, see possible counterexamples constructed on my nd shear flows, pressureless (shockless) solutions of in

...(continued)
serfati philippe Feb 15 2018 19:03 UTC

+On (3 and more, 2008-13-14..) papers of bourgain etal (and their numerous descendants) on =1/ (t-static) illposednesses for the nd incompressible euler equations (and nse) and +- critical spaces, see possible counterexamples constructed on my nd shear flows, pressureless (shockless) solutions of in

...(continued)
serfati philippe Feb 15 2018 19:03 UTC

+On (3 and more, 2008-13-14..) papers of bourgain etal (and their numerous descendants) on =1/ (t-static) illposednesses for the nd incompressible euler equations (and nse) and +- critical spaces, see possible counterexamples constructed on my nd shear flows, pressureless (shockless) solutions of in

...(continued)
serfati philippe Feb 15 2018 13:29 UTC

on transport and continuity equations with regular speed out of an hypersurface, and on it, having 2 relative normal components with the same punctual sign (possibly varying) and better unexpected results on solutions and jacobians etc, see (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Philippe_Serfati), pa

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serfati philippe Feb 15 2018 12:35 UTC

on transport and continuity equations with regular speed out of an hypersurface, and on it, having 2 relative normal components with the same punctual sign (possibly varying) and better unexpected results on solutions and jacobians etc, see (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Philippe_Serfati), pa

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Beni Yoshida Feb 13 2018 19:53 UTC

This is not a direct answer to your question, but may give some intuition to formulate the problem in a more precise language. (And I simplify the discussion drastically). Consider a static slice of an empty AdS space (just a hyperbolic space) and imagine an operator which creates a particle at some

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Abhinav Deshpande Feb 10 2018 15:42 UTC

I see. Yes, the epsilon ball issue seems to be a thorny one in the prevalent definition, since the gate complexity to reach a target state from any of a fixed set of initial states depends on epsilon, and not in a very nice way (I imagine that it's all riddled with discontinuities). It would be inte

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Elizabeth Crosson Feb 10 2018 05:49 UTC

Thanks for the correction Abhinav, indeed I meant that the complexity of |psi(t)> grows linearly with t.

Producing an arbitrary state |phi> exactly is also too demanding for the circuit model, by the well-known argument that given any finite set of gates, the set of states that can be reached i

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