# Top arXiv papers

• The 4d-transition-metals carbides (ZrC, NbC) and nitrides (ZrN, NbN) in the rocksalt structure, as well as their ternary alloys, have been recently studied by means of a first-principles full potential linearized augmented plane waves method within the local density approximation. These materials are important because of their interesting mechanical and physical properties, which make them suitable for many technological applications. Here, by using a simple theoretical model, we estimate the bulk moduli of their ternary alloys Zr$_x$Nb$_{1-x}$C and Zr$_x$Nb$_{1-x}$N in terms of the bulk moduli of the end members alone. The results are comparable to those deduced from the first-principles calculations.
• We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for an initial data set for the conformal Einstein field equations to give rise to a spacetime development in possession of a Killing spinor. This constitutes the conformal analogue of the Killing spinor initial data equations derived in [16]. The fact that the conformal Einstein field equations are used in our derivation allows for the possibility that the initial hypersurface be (part of) the conformal boundary \mathscrI . For conciseness, these conditions are derived assuming that the initial hypersurface is spacelike. Consequently, these equations encode necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a Killing spinor in the development of asymptotic initial data on spacelike components of \mathscrI .
• Scanning superconducting quantum interference device measurements reveal large-scale modulations of the superfluid density and the critical temperature in superconducting Nb, NbN, and underdoped $YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-{\delta}}$ films deposited on $SrTiO_{3}$ (STO). We show that these modulations are a result of the STO domains and domain walls, forming below the 105 K structural phase transition of STO. We found that the flow of normal current, measured above the superconducting transition, is also modulated over the same domain structure, suggesting a modified carrier density. In clean STO, domain walls remain mobile down to low temperatures. Modulated superconductivity over mobile channels offers the opportunity to locally control superconducting properties and better understand the relations between superconductivity and the local structure.
• In this paper, we introduce a wideband dictionary framework for estimating sparse signals. By formulating integrated dictionary elements spanning bands of the considered parameter space, one may efficiently find and discard large parts of the parameter space not active in the signal. After each iteration, the zero-valued parts of the dictionary may be discarded to allow a refined dictionary to be formed around the active elements, resulting in a zoomed dictionary to be used in the following iterations. Implementing this scheme allows for more accurate estimates, at a much lower computational cost, as compared to directly forming a larger dictionary spanning the whole parameter space or performing a zooming procedure using standard dictionary elements. Different from traditional dictionaries, the wideband dictionary allows for the use of dictionaries with fewer elements than the number of available samples without loss of resolution. The technique may be used on both one- and multi-dimensional signals, and may be exploited to refine several traditional sparse estimators, here illustrated with the LASSO and the SPICE estimators. Numerical examples illustrate the improved performance.
• For $n\ge5$, it is well known that the moduli space $\mathfrak{M_{0,\:n}}$ of unordered $n$ points on the Riemann sphere is a quotient space of the Zariski open set $K_n$ of $\mathbb C^{n-3}$ by an $S_n$ action. The stabilizers of this $S_n$ action at certain points of this Zariski open set $K_n$ correspond to the groups fixing the sets of $n$ points on the Riemann sphere. Let $\alpha$ be a subset of $n$ distinct points on the Riemann sphere. We call the group of all linear fractional transformations leaving $\alpha$ invariant the stabilizer of $\alpha$, which is finite by observation. For each non-trivial finite subgroup $G$ of the group ${\rm PSL}(2,{\Bbb C})$ of linear fractional transformations, we give the necessary and sufficient condition for finite subsets of the Riemann sphere under which the stabilizers of them are conjugate to $G$. We also prove that there does exist some finite subset of the Riemann sphere whose stabilizer coincides with $G$. Next we obtain the irreducible decompositions of the representations of the stabilizers on the tangent spaces at the singularities of $\mathfrak{M_{0,\:n}}$. At last, on $\mathfrak{M_{0,\:5}}$ and $\mathfrak{M_{0,\:6}}$, we work out explicitly the singularities and the representations of their stabilizers on the tangent spaces at them.
• The coherence times achieved with continuous dynamical decoupling techniques are often limited by fluctuations in the driving amplitude. In this work, we use time-dependent phase-modulated continuous driving to increase the robustness against such fluctuations in a dense ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. Considering realistic experimental errors in the system, we identify the optimal modulation strength, and demonstrate an improvement of an order of magnitude in the spin-preservation of arbitrary states over conventional single continuous driving. The phase-modulated driving exhibits comparable results to previously examined amplitude-modulated techniques, and is expected to outperform them in experimental systems having higher phase accuracy. The proposed technique could open new avenues for quantum information processing and many body physics, in systems dominated by high frequency spin-bath noise, for which pulsed dynamical decoupling is less effective.
• The $B^+ \to D^{*-}K^+\pi^+$ decay potentially provides an excellent way to investigate charm meson spectroscopy. The decay is searched for in a sample of proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3~{\rm fb}^{-1}$. A clear signal is observed, and the ratio of its branching fraction to that of the $B^+ \to D^{*-}\pi^+\pi^+$ normalisation channel is measured to be \beginequation* \frac\mathcalB(B^+ \to D^*-K^+\pi^+)\mathcalB(B^+ \to D^*-\pi^+\pi^+) = \left( 6.39 \pm 0.27 \pm 0.48 \right) \times 10^-2 \u2009, \endequation* where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the first observation of the $B^+ \to D^{*-}K^+\pi^+$ decay.
• Motivated by map labeling, we study the problem in which we are given a collection of $n$ disks $D_1, \dots, D_n$ in the plane that grow at possibly different speeds. Whenever two disks meet, the one with the lower index disappears. This problem was introduced by Funke, Krumpe, and Storandt [IWOCA 2016]. We provide the first general subquadratic algorithm for computing the times and the order of disappearance. This algorithm also works for other shapes (such as rectangles) and in any fixed dimension. Using quadtrees, we provide an alternative algorithm that runs in near linear time, although this second algorithm has a logarithmic dependence on either the ratio of the fastest speed to the slowest speed of disks or the spread of disk centers (the ratio of the maximum to the minimum distance between them). Our result improves the running times of previous algorithms by Funke, Krumpe, and Storandt [IWOCA 2016], Bahrdt et al. [ALENEX 2017] and Funke and Storandt [EWCG 2017]. Finally, we give an $\Omega(n\log n)$ lower bound on the problem, showing that our quadtree algorithms are almost tight.
• Let $G$ be a finite symmetric, general linear, or general unitary group defined over a field of characteristic coprime to $3$. We construct a canonical correspondence between irreducible characters of degree coprime to $3$ of $G$ and those of $N_{G}(P)$, where $P$ is a Sylow $3$-subgroup of $G$. Since our bijections commute with the action of the absolute Galois group over the rationals, we conclude that fields of values of character correspondents are the same.
• A newly discovered family of high-Tc Fe-based superconductors, AeAFe4As4 (Ae = Ca, Sr, Eu and A = K, Rb, Cs), offers further opportunities to understand unconventional superconductivity in these materials. In this Rapid Communication, we report on the superconducting and magnetic properties of CaKFe4As4, studied using muon spectroscopy. Zero-field muon spin relaxation studies carried out on the CaKFe4As4 superconductor do not show any detectable magnetic anomaly at Tc or below, implying that time-reversal symmetry is preserved in the superconducting ground state. The temperature dependence of the superfluid density of CaKFe4As4 is found to be compatible with a two-gap s + s-wave model with gap values of 8.6(4) and 2.5(3) meV, similar to the other Fe-based superconductors. The presence of two superconducting energy gaps is consistent with theoretical and other experimental studies on this material. The value of the penetration depth at T = 0 K has been determined as 289(22) nm.
• The statistical-thermodynamic dislocation theory developed in previous papers is used here in an analysis of high-temperature deformation of aluminum and steel. Using physics-based parameters that we expect theoretically to be independent of strain rate and temperature, we are able to fit experimental stress-strain curves for three different strain rates and three different temperatures for each of these two materials. Our theoretical curves include yielding transitions at zero strain in agreement with experiment. We find that thermal softening effects are important even at the lowest temperatures and smallest strain rates.
• Light fields become a popular representation of three dimensional scenes, and there is interest in their processing, resampling, and compression. As those operations often result in loss of quality, there is a need to quantify it. In this work, we collect a new dataset of dense reference and distorted light fields as well as the corresponding quality scores which are scaled in perceptual units. The scores were acquired in a subjective experiment using an interactive light-field viewing setup. The dataset contains typical artifacts that occur in light-field processing chain due to light-field reconstruction, multi-view compression, and limitations of automultiscopic displays. We test a number of existing objective quality metrics to determine how well they can predict the quality of light fields. We find that the existing image quality metrics provide good measures of light-field quality, but require dense reference light- fields for optimal performance. For more complex tasks of comparing two distorted light fields, their performance drops significantly, which reveals the need for new, light-field-specific metrics.
• In this article we prove exactness of the homotopy sequence of overconvergent $p$-adic fundamental groups for a smooth and projective morphism in characteristic $p$. We do so by first proving a corresponding result for rigid analytic varieties in characteristic $0$, following dos Santos in the algebraic case. In characteristic $p$, we then proceed by a series of reductions to the case of a liftable family of curves, where we can apply the rigid analytic result.
• For general thinning procedures, its inverse operation, the condensing, is studied and a link to integration-by-parts formulas is established. This extends the recent results on that link for independent thinnings of point processes to general thinnings of finite point processes. In particular, the classical integration-by-parts formulas appear as the example of independent thinnings. Moreover, the representation of the splitting kernel of finite point processes in terms of its reduced Palm kernels is extended to general thinnings. This link is studied in the context of discrete random variables and yields analogue characterizations of their distributions. Results on independent thinnings are complemented by a discrete stick breaking characterization of distributions.
• In this paper we study an error correcting protocol that specifically derives its error correcting properties from elementary units of coherence. The entire protocol from beginning to end is performed using non-coherence increasing operations, resulting in the consumption of the input coherence, thus necessitating further quantum resources if one wishes to perform the protocol again. We show that even when the input quantum resource is just 1 coherent qubit, one may acquire partial protection from phase flip errors, and that this can be scaled up to protect against arbitrary qubit errors with 6 ancillary coherent qubits as input. The work presented strengthens the operational interpretation of a single unit of coherence by providing a useful information theoretic task that one may perform when such elementary units of coherence are available.
• The Quadrant-Slope Index (QSI) method was created in order to detect subtle patterns of organization in tumor images that have metaplastic elements, such as streams of spindle cells [1]. However, metaplastic tumors also have nuclei that may be aligned like a stream but are not obvious to the pathologist because the shape of the cytoplasm is unclear. The previous method that I developed, the Nearest-Neighbor Angular Profile (N-NAP) method [2], is good for detecting subtle patterns of order based on the assumption that breast tumor cells are attempting to arrange themselves side-by-side (like bricks), as in the luminal compartment of a normal mammary gland [3]. However, this assumption is not optimal for detecting cellular arrangements that are head-to-tail, such as in streams of spindle cells. Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast (i.e. basal-like breast cancers, triple-negative breast cancers) are believed to be derived from the stem or progenitor cells that reside in the basal/myoepithelial compartment of the normal mammary gland [Reviewed in 3]. Epithelial cells in the basal/myoepithelial compartment arrange themselves in an head-to-tail fashion, forming a net that surrounds the luminal compartment [3,4]. If cancer cells in a metaplastic tumor are trying to be normal, the optimal way to detect subtle regions of them attempting to be ordered normally should highlight the head-to-tail alignment of cells.
• It has recently been reported that certain thin timelike shells undergo oscillatory motion in AdS. In this paper, we compute two-point function of a probe field in the geodesic approximation in such an oscillating shell background. We confirm that the two-point function exhibits an oscillatory behaviour following the motion of the shell. We show that similar oscillatory dynamics is possible when the perfect fluid on the shell has a polytropic equation of state. Moreover, we show that certain ball like configurations in AdS also exhibit oscillatory motion and comment on how such a solution can be smoothly matched to an appropriate exterior solution. We also demonstrate that the weak energy condition is satisfied for these oscillatory configurations.
• We introduce a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations for which the approximate velocity field is pointwise divergence-free. The method proposed here builds on the method presented by Labeur and Wells [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., vol. 34 (2012), pp. A889--A913]. We show that with simple modifications of the function spaces in the method of Labeur and Wells that it is possible to formulate a simple method with pointwise divergence-free velocity fields, and which is both momentum conserving and energy stable. Theoretical results are verified by two- and three-dimensional numerical examples and for different orders of polynomial approximation.
• We have fabricated bulk nanostructured ferrimagnetic materials with different grain sizes by sintering ball-milled Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) nanoparticles and measured the grain-size dependence of the thermal conductivity and spin Seebeck thermopower. The nanostructuring reduces both thermal conductivity and thermopower, but the reduction of the latter was found to be considerably stronger despite the moderate difference in magnetization, which suggests that the length scales of transport of magnons and phonons contributing to the spin Seebeck effect are significantly larger than that of phonons carrying thermal current. This is consistent with the measurements of high-magnetic-field response of the spin Seebeck thermopower and low-temperature thermal conductivity, where the quenching of magnons seen in single-crystalline YIG was not observed in nanostructured YIG due to scattering of long-range low frequency magnons.
• Pathologists routinely classify breast tumors according to recurring patterns of nuclear grades, cytoplasmic coloration, and large-scale morphological formations (i.e. streams of spindle cells, adenoid islands, etc.). The fact that there are large-scale morphological formations suggest that tumor cells still possess the genetic programming to arrange themselves in orderly patterns. However, small regions of order or subtle patterns of order are invisible to the human eye. The ability to detect subtle regions of order and correlate them with clinical outcome and resistance to treatment can enhance diagnostic efficacy. By measuring the acute angle that results when the line extending from the longest length within a nucleus intersects with the corresponding line of an adjacent nucleus, the degree of alignment between two adjacent nuclei can be measured. Through a series of systematic transformations, subtle regions of order and disorder within a tumor image can be quantified and visualized in the form of a heat map. This numerical transformation of spatial relationships between nuclei within tumors allows for the detection of subtly ordered regions.
• In this work, we calculate the $CP$-averaged branching ratios and direct $CP$-violating asymmetries of the quasi-two-body decays $B_{(s)}\to P \rho^\prime(1450), P\rho^{\prime\prime}(1700)\to P \pi\pi$ by employing the perturbative QCD (PQCD) factorization approach, where $P$ is a light pseudoscalar meson $K, \pi, \eta$ and $\eta^{\prime}$. The considered decay modes are studied in the quasi-two-body framework by parameterizing the two-pion distribution amplitude $\Phi_{\pi\pi}^{\rm P}$. The $P$-wave time-like form factor $F_{\pi}$ in the resonant regions associated with the $\rho^\prime(1450)$ and $\rho^{\prime\prime}(1700)$ is estimated based on available experimental data. The PQCD predictions for the $CP$-averaged branching ratios of the decays $B_{(s)}\to P\rho^\prime(1450), P\rho^{\prime\prime}(1700)\to P\pi\pi$ are in the order of $10^{-7} \sim 10^{-9}$. The branching ratios of the two-body decays $B_{(s)}\to P\rho^\prime(1450), P\rho^{\prime\prime}(1700)$ are extracted from the corresponding quasi-two-body decay modes. The whole pattern of the pion form factor-squared $|F_\pi|^2$ measured by \it BABAR Collaboration could also be understood based on our studies. Our PQCD predictions will be tested by the precise data from the LHCb and the future Belle II experiments.
• The relationship between the M-species stochastic Lotka-Volterra competition (SLVC) model and the M-allele Moran model of population genetics is explored via timescale separation arguments. When selection for species is weak and the population size is large but finite, precise conditions are determined for the stochastic dynamics of the SLVC model to be mappable to the neutral Moran model, the Moran model with frequency-independent selection and the Moran model with frequency-dependent selection (equivalently, a game-theoretic formulation of the Moran model). We demonstrate how these mappings can be used to calculate extinction probabilities and the times until a species' extinction in the SLVC model.
• We discuss the possibility of protecting the state of a quantum system that goes through noise by measurements and operations before and after the noise process. We extend our previous result on nonexistence of "truly quantum" protocols that protect an unknown qubit state against the depolarizing noise better than "classical" ones [Phys. Rev. A, 95, 022321 (2017)] in two directions. First, we show that the statement is also true in any finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, which was previously conjectured, the optimal protocol is either the do nothing protocol or the discriminate and reprepare protocol, depending on the strength of the noise. Second, in the case of a qubit, we show that essentially the same conclusion holds for any unital noise. These results describe the fundamental limitations in quantum mechanics from the viewpoint of control theory.
• We investigate multiparticle excitation effect on a collective density excitation as well as a single-particle excitation in a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate. We find that although the weakly interacting BEC offers weak multiparticle excitation spectrum at low temperatures, this multiparticle excitation effect may not remain hidden, but emerges as bimodality in the density response function through the single-particle excitation. Identification of spectra in the BEC between the single-particle excitation and the density excitation is also assessed at nonzero temperatures, which has been known to be unique nature in the BEC at absolute zero temperature.
• We prove the maximal local regularity of weak solutions to the parabolic problem associated with the fractional Laplacian with Dirichlet boundary condition on an arbitrary bounded open set $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$. The key tool consists in combining classical abstract regularity results for parabolic equations with some new local regularity results for the associated elliptic equation.
• Pulsar timing and laser-interferometer gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are superb laboratories to study gravity theories in the strong-field regime. Here we combine those tools to test the mono-scalar-tensor theory of Damour and Esposito-Farèse (DEF), which predicts nonperturbative scalarization phenomena for neutron stars (NSs). First, applying Markov-chain Monte Carlo techniques, we use the absence of dipolar radiation in the pulsar-timing observations of five binary systems composed of a NS and a white dwarf, and eleven equations of state (EOS) for NSs, to derive the most stringent constraints on the two free parameters of the DEF scalar-tensor theory. Since the binary-pulsar bounds depend on the NS mass and the EOS, we find that current pulsar-timing observations leave "scalarization mass gaps". Then, we investigate if these scalarization mass gaps could be closed and if pulsar-timing constraints could be improved by laser-interferometer GW detectors, when spontaneous (or dynamical) scalarization sets in during the early (or late) stages of a binary NS (BNS) evolution. For the early inspiral of a BNS carrying constant scalar charge, we employ a Fisher matrix analysis to show that Advanced LIGO can improve pulsar-timing constraints for some EOSs, and next-generation detectors, such as the Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope, will be able to improve those bounds for all eleven EOSs. Using the late inspiral of a BNS, we estimate that for some of the EOSs under consideration the onset of dynamical scalarization can happen early enough to improve the constraints on the DEF parameters obtained by combining the five binary pulsars. Thus, in the near future the complementarity of pulsar timing and direct observations of GWs on the ground will be extremely valuable in probing gravity theories in the strong-field regime.
• We prove the $W^{2s,p}_{\textrm{loc}}$ local elliptic regularity of weak solutions to the Dirichlet problem associated with the fractional Laplacian on an arbitrary bounded open set of $\mathbb{R}^N$. The key tool consists in analyzing carefully the elliptic equation satisfied by the solution locally, after cut-off, to later employ sharp regularity results in the whole space. We do it by two different methods. First working directly in the variational formulation of the elliptic problem and then employing the heat kernel representation of solutions.
• Multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is an important class of LB model with lots of advantages over traditional single-relaxation-time (SRT) LB model. In addition, the computation of strain rate tensor is crucial in MRT-LB simulations of some complex flows. Up to now, there are only two formulas to compute the strain rate tensor in the MRT LB model. One is to compute the strain rate tensor by using non-equilibrium parts of macroscopic moments (Yu formula). The other is to compute the strain rate tensor by using non-equilibrium parts of density distribution functions (Chai formula). The mathematical expressions of these two formulas are so different that we do not know which formula to choose for computing the strain rate tensor in MRT LB model. In this paper, we study the relationship of these two formulas. It is found that Yu formula can be deduced from Chai formula in a particular procedure. However, these two formulas have their own advantages and disadvantages. Yu formula is more efficient in the computation aspect while Chai formula can be applied to more lattice patterns of MRT LB models. It is also found that deducing Yu formula for a particular lattice pattern from Chai formula is more convenient than the way proposed by Yu et al.
• The present infrared brightness of a planet originates partly from the accretion energy that the planet gained during its formation and hence provides important constraints to the planet formation process. A planet cools down from a hot initial state to the present state by losing energy through radiative emission from its atmosphere. Thus, the atmospheric properties affect the planetary cooling rate. Previous theories of giant planet cooling assume that the atmospheric composition is unchanged throughout evolution. Planet formation theories, however, suggest that the atmospheres especially of ice giants are rich in heavy elements in the early stages. Those heavy elements include condensable species such as water, ammonia, and methane, which are expected to have a great impact on atmospheric temperature and, thus, radiative emission through latent heat release. In this study we investigate the effect of such condensation on the planetary emission flux and quantify the impact on the cooling timescale. We then demonstrate that the latent heat of those species keeps the atmosphere hot and thus the emission flux high for billions of years, resulting in acceleration of the cooling of ice giants. This sheds light on the long-standing problem that Uranus is much less bright than theoretically predicted and is different in brightness from Neptune in spite of similarity in mass and radius. Also, we find that young ice giants with highly enriched atmospheres are much brighter in mid-infrared than those with unenriched atmospheres. This provides important implication for future direct imaging of extrasolar ice giants.
• We study the stability of $p$-wave superfluidity for two-dimensional Fermi gases near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance. A systematic analysis is carried out in the limit when the interchannel coupling is strong. We show that a homogeneous $p$-wave pairing is actually unstable due to quantum fluctuations, in contrast to the previously predicted $p+ip$ superfluid in the weak-coupling limit [V. Gurarie et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 230403 (2005)]. This indicates an onset of instability at certain intermediate interchannel coupling strength. Alternatively, the instability can also be driven by lowering the particle density.
• Characterization of consumers has been explored previously in prior works with different goals. The current work presents user personas in a VoD streaming space using a tenure timeline and temporal behavioral features in the absence of explicit user profiles. A choice of tenure timeline caters to business needs of understanding the evolution and phases of user behavior as their accounts age while temporal characteristics are necessary to capture the dynamic aspect of user personas labels. Our user personas succeed in representing both dominant and niche characterizations and in providing insightful maturation of consumer behavior in the system. The motivation of this work is not limited to discovering latent structure, the emphasis is rather on building interpretable user labels that can lead to immediate and actionable business plans. The two major highlights of our personas are demonstration of stability along tenure timelines on a population level, while exhibiting interesting migrations between labels on an individual level. Even on an individual granularity, the personas exhibit stability of dominant characteristics while the niche characterizations are more prone to change. We conclude the paper by illustrating a trade-off between an indispensable trio of guarantees, relevance-scalability-interpretability, accomplished by using summary information from personas in CTR predictive models. The proposed approach of uncovering latent temporal structure and consequent insights from evolving personas are broadly applicable to other streaming based products.
• In vehicular scenarios context awareness is a key enabler for road safety. However, the amount of contextual information that can be collected by a vehicle is stringently limited by the sensor technology itself (e.g., line-of-sight, coverage, weather robustness) and by the low bandwidths offered by current wireless vehicular technologies such as DSRC/802.11p. Motivated by the upsurge of research around millimeter-wave vehicle-to-anything (V2X) communications, in this work we propose a distributed vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) association scheme that considers a quantitative measure of the potential value of the shared contextual information in the pairing process. First, we properly define the utility function of every vehicle balancing classical channel state and queuing state information (CSI/QSI) with context information i.e., sensing content resolution, timeliness and enhanced range of the sensing. Next we solve the problem via a distributed many-to-one matching game in a junction scenario with realistic vehicular mobility traces. It is shown that when receivers are able to leverage information from different sources, the average volume of collected extended sensed information under our proposed scheme is up to 71% more than that of distance and minimum delay-based matching baselines.
• A specific value for the cosmological constant, \Lambda, can account for late-time cosmic acceleration. However, motivated by the so-called cosmological constant problem(s), several alternative mechanisms have been explored. To date, a host of well-studied dynamical dark energy and modified gravity models exists. Going beyond \Lambda CDM often comes with additional degrees of freedom (dofs). For these to pass existing observational tests, an efficient screening mechanism must be in place. The linear and quasi-linear regimes of structure formation are ideal probes of such dofs and can capture the onset of screening. We propose here a semi-phenomenological treatment to account for screening dynamics on LSS observables, with special emphasis on Vainshtein-type screening.
• Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is a rigorous methodology applied for Evidence-Based Software Engineering (EBSE) that identify, assess and synthesize the relevant evidence for answering specific research questions. Benefiting from the booming online materials in the era of Web 2.0, the technical Web content starts acting as alternative sources for EBSE. Web knowledge has been investigated and derived from Web content mining and knowledge discovery techniques, however they are still significantly different from reviewing academic literature. Thus the direct adoption of Web knowledge in EBSE lacks of systematic guidelines. In this paper, we propose to make an SLR adaptation to bridge the aforementioned gap along two stages. Firstly, we follow the general logic and procedure of SLR to regulate Web mining activities. Secondly, we substitute and enhance particular SLR processes with Web-mining-friendly methods and approaches. At the second stage, we mainly focus on adapting Conducting Review by integrating a set of automated components ranging from programmatic searching to various text mining techniques.
• We give intrinsic characterisations for the uniformly localized versions of the Besov spaces $B^{s}_{p,q}({\mathbb R}^n)$, where $p,q\in [1,+\infty]$, and of the Lizorkin-Triebel spaces $F^{s}_{p,q}({\mathbb R}^n)$, where $q\in [1,+\infty]$ and $p\in [1,+\infty[$, whatever be the real number $s>0$.
• Using the unfolding method given in \citeHL, we prove the conjectures on sign-coherence and a recurrence formula respectively of ${\bf g}$-vectors for acyclic sign-skew-symmetric cluster algebras. As a following consequence, the conjecture is affirmed in the same case which states that the ${\bf g}$-vectors of any cluster form a basis of $\mathbb Z^n$. Also, the additive categorification of an acyclic sign-skew-symmetric cluster algebra $\mathcal A(\Sigma)$ is given, which is realized as $(\mathcal C^{\widetilde Q},\Gamma)$ for a Frobenius $2$-Calabi-Yau category $\mathcal C^{\widetilde Q}$ constructed from an unfolding $(Q,\Gamma)$ of the acyclic exchange matrix $B$ of $\mathcal A(\Sigma)$.
• We construct a faithful categorical representation of an infinite Temperley-Lieb algebra on the periplectic analogue of Deligne's category. We use the corresponding combinatorics to classify thick tensor ideals in this periplectic Deligne category. This allows to determine the kernel of the tensor functor going to the module category of the periplectic Lie supergroup, which in turn yields a description of the tensor powers of the natural representation.
• Apr 26 2017 cs.DS arXiv:1704.07546v1
We consider the well-studied Hospital Residents (HR) problem in the presence of lower quotas (LQ). The input instance consists of a bipartite graph $G = (\mathcal{R} \cup \mathcal{H}, E)$ where $\mathcal{R}$ and $\mathcal{H}$ denote sets of residents and hospitals respectively. Every vertex has a preference list that imposes a strict ordering on its neighbors. In addition, each hospital $h$ has an associated upper-quota $q^+(h)$ and lower-quota $q^-(h)$. A matching $M$ in $G$ is an assignment of residents to hospitals, and $M$ is said to be feasible if every resident is assigned to at most one hospital and a hospital $h$ is assigned at least $q^-(h)$ and at most $q^+(h)$ residents. Stability is a de-facto notion of optimality in a model where both sets of vertices have preferences. A matching is stable if no unassigned pair has an incentive to deviate from it. It is well-known that an instance of the HRLQ problem need not admit a feasible stable matching. In this paper, we consider the notion of popularity for the HRLQ problem. A matching $M$ is popular if no other matching $M'$ gets more votes than $M$ when vertices vote between $M$ and $M'$. When there are no lower quotas, there always exists a stable matching and it is known that every stable matching is popular. We show that in an HRLQ instance, although a feasible stable matching need not exist, there is always a matching that is popular in the set of feasible matchings. We give an efficient algorithm to compute a maximum cardinality matching that is popular amongst all the feasible matchings in an HRLQ instance.
• An exact Quantum Kinetic Monte Carlo method is proposed to calculate electron transport for 1D Fermi Hubbard model. The method is directly formulated in real time and can be applied to extract time dependent dynamics of general interacting Fermion models in 1D. When coupled with Density Functional Theory and Maximally Localized Wannier Functions, our method can be used to predict electron transport in materials in presence of interfaces. The first application of our method on case study of $\alpha$-quartz dielectric breakdown seems promising.
• In this note, given a regular Courant algebroid, we compute its group of automorphisms relative to a dissection. We also propose an infinitesimal version and recover examples of the literature.
• In this paper, a novel method of quantum image rotation (QIR) based on shear transformations on NEQR quantum images is proposed. To compute the horizontal and vertical shear mappings required for rotation, we have designed quantum self-adder, quantum control multiplier, and quantum interpolation circuits as the basic computing units in the QIR implementation. Furthermore, we provide several examples of our results by presenting computer simulation experiments of QIR under $30^\circ$, $45^\circ$, and $60^\circ$ rotation scenarios and have a discussion onto the anti-aliasing and computational complexity of the proposed QIR method.
• We present a new mechanism to produce the dark photon ($\gamma'$) in the early universe with a help of the axion ($a$) using a recently proposed dark axion portal. The dark photon, a light gauge boson in the dark sector, can be a relic dark matter if its lifetime is long enough. The main process we consider is a variant of the Primakoff process $f a \to f \gamma'$ mediated by a photon, which is possible with the axion--photon--dark photon coupling. The axion is thermalized in the early universe because of the strong interaction and it can contribute to the non-thermal dark photon production through the dark axion portal coupling. It provides a two-component dark matter sector, and the relic density deficit issue of the axion dark matter can be addressed by the compensation with the dark photon. The dark photon dark matter can also address the reported 3.5 keV $X$-ray excess via the $\gamma' \to \gamma a$ decay.
• In this paper, we give a necessarly and sufficient condition for orbits of linear isotropy representations of Riemannian symmetric spaces are biharmonic submanifolds in hyperspheres in Euclidean spaces. In particular, we obtain examples of biharmonic submanifolds in hyperspheres whose co-dimension is greater than one.
• In this paper, we present a family of new mixed finite element methods for linear elasticity for both spatial dimensions $n=2,3$, which yields a conforming and strongly symmetric approximation for stress. Applying $\mathcal{P}_{k+1}-\mathcal{P}_k$ as the local approximation for the stress and displacement, the mixed methods achieve the optimal order of convergence for both the stress and displacement when $k \ge n$. For the lower order case $(n-2\le k<n)$, the stability and convergence still hold on some special grids. The proposed mixed methods are efficiently implemented by hybridization, which imposes the inter-element normal continuity of the stress by a Lagrange multiplier. Then, we develop and analyze multilevel solvers for the Schur complement of the hybridized system in the two dimensional case. Provided that no nearly singular vertex on the grids, the proposed solvers are proved to be uniformly convergent with respect to both the grid size and Poisson's ratio. Numerical experiments are provided to validate our theoretical results.
• In this article, a feasible switchyard design is proposed for the Shanghai soft x-ray free electron laser facility. In the proposed scheme, a switchyard is used to transport the electron beam to different undulator lines. Three-dimensional start-to-end simulations have been carried out to research the beam dynamic during transportation. The results show that the emittance of the electron beam increases less than 10%, at meanwhile, the peak current, the energy spread and the bunch length are not spoiled as the beam passes through the switchyard. The microbunching instability of the beam and the jitter of the linear accelerator (linac) are analyzed as well.
• Path planning for multiple robots is well studied in the AI and robotics communities. For a given discretized environment, robots need to find collision-free paths to a set of specified goal locations. Robots can be fully anonymous, non-anonymous, or organized in groups. Although powerful solvers for this abstract problem exist, they make simplifying assumptions by ignoring kinematic constraints, making it difficult to use the resulting plans on actual robots. In this paper, we present a solution which takes kinematic constraints, such as maximum velocities, into account, while guaranteeing a user-specified minimum safety distance between robots. We demonstrate our approach in simulation and on real robots in 2D and 3D environments.
• We perform ultrasound velocity measurements on a single crystal of nearly-metallic spinel Co$_{1.21}$V$_{1.79}$O$_4$ which exhibits a ferrimagnetic phase transition at $T_C \sim$ 165 K. The experiments reveal a variety of elastic anomalies in not only the paramagnetic phase above $T_C$ but also the ferrimagnetic phase below $T_C$, which should be driven by the nearly-itinerant character of the orbitally-degenerate V 3$d$ electrons. In the paramagnetic phase above $T_C$, the elastic moduli exhibit elastic-mode-dependent unusual temperature variations, suggesting the existence of a dynamic spin-cluster state. Furthermore, above $T_C$, the sensitive magnetic-field response of the elastic moduli suggests that, with the negative magnetoresistance, the magnetic-field-enhanced nearly-itinerant character of the V 3$d$ electrons emerges from the spin-cluster state. This should be triggered by the inter-V-site interactions acting on the orbitally-degenerate 3$d$ electrons. In the ferrimagnetic phase below $T_C$, the elastic moduli exhibit distinct anomalies at $T_1\sim$ 95 K and $T_2\sim$ 50 K, with a sign change of the magnetoresistance at $T_1$ (positive below $T_1$) and an enhancement of the positive magnetoresistance below $T_2$, respectively. These observations below $T_C$ suggest the successive occurrence of an orbital glassy order at $T_1$ and a structural phase transition at $T_2$, where the rather localized character of the V 3$d$ electrons evolves below $T_1$ and is further enhanced below $T_2$.
• A special homotopy continuation method, as a combination of the polyhedral homotopy and the linear product homotopy, is proposed for computing all the isolated solutions to a special class of polynomial systems. The root number bound of this method is between the total degree bound and the mixed volume bound and can be easily computed. The new algorithm has been implemented as a program called LPH using C++. Our experiments show its efficiency compared to the polyhedral or other homotopies on such systems. As an application, the algorithm can be used to find witness points on each connected component of a real variety.
• Tasks like code generation and semantic parsing require mapping unstructured (or partially structured) inputs to well-formed, executable outputs. We introduce abstract syntax networks, a modeling framework for these problems. The outputs are represented as abstract syntax trees (ASTs) and constructed by a decoder with a dynamically-determined modular structure paralleling the structure of the output tree. On the benchmark Hearthstone dataset for code generation, our model obtains 79.2 BLEU and 22.7% exact match accuracy, compared to previous state-of-the-art values of 67.1 and 6.1%. Furthermore, we perform competitively on the Atis, Jobs, and Geo semantic parsing datasets with no task-specific engineering.
• Apr 26 2017 math.FA arXiv:1704.07534v1
Let $H_1, H_2$ be complex Hilbert spaces and $T$ be a densely defined closed linear operator from its domain $D(T)$, a dense subspace of $H_1$, into $H_2$. Let $N(T)$ denote the null space of $T$ and $R(T)$ denote the range of $T$. Recall that $C(T) := D(T) \cap N(T)^{\perp}$ is called the \it carrier space of $T$ and the \it reduced minimum modulus $\gamma(T)$ of $T$ is defined as: $$\gamma(T) := \inf {\|T(x)\| : x ∈C(T), \|x\| = 1 } .$$ Further, we say that $T$ \it attains its reduced minimum modulus if there exists $x_0 \in C(T)$ such that $\|x_0\| = 1$ and $\|T(x_0)\| = \gamma(T)$. We discuss some properties of operators that attain reduced minimum modulus. In particular, the following results are proved.

Thomas Klimpel Apr 20 2017 09:16 UTC

This paper [appeared][1] in February 2016 in the peer reviewed interdisciplinary journal Chaos by the American Institute of Physics (AIP).

It has been reviewed publicly by amateurs both [favorably][2] and [unfavorably][3]. The favorable review took the last sentence of the abstract ("These invalid

...(continued)
Veaceslav Molodiuc Apr 19 2017 07:26 UTC

http://ibiblio.org/e-notes/Chaos/intermit.htm

Zoltán Zimborás Apr 18 2017 09:47 UTC

Great note. I real like the two end-sentences: "Of course, any given new approach to a hard and extensively studied problem has a very low probability to lead to a direct solution (some popular accounts may not have emphasized this to the degree we would have preferred). But arguably, this makes the

...(continued)
James Wootton Apr 18 2017 08:29 UTC

Interesting to start getting perspectives from actual end users. But this does focus massively on quantum annealing, rather than a 'true' universal and fault-tolerant QC.

Aram Harrow Apr 17 2017 13:45 UTC

It must feel good to get this one out there! :)

Planat Apr 14 2017 08:11 UTC

First of all, thanks to all for helping to clarify some hidden points of our paper.
As you can see, the field norm generalizes the standard Hilbert-Schmidt norm.
It works for SIC [e.g. d=2, d=3 (the Hesse) and d=8 (the Hoggar)].

The first non-trivial case is with d=4 when one needs to extend th

...(continued)
Robin Blume-Kohout Apr 14 2017 03:03 UTC

Okay, I see the resolution to my confusion now (and admit that I was confused). Thanks to Michel, Marcus, Blake, and Steve!

Since I don't know the first thing about cyclotomic field norms... can anybody explain the utility of this norm, for this problem? I mean, just to be extreme, I could define

...(continued)
Steve Flammia Apr 13 2017 19:16 UTC

Just to clarify Michel's earlier remark, the field norm for the cyclotomics defines the norm in which these vectors are equiangular, and then they will generally **not** be equiangular in the standard norm based on the Hilbert-Schmidt inner product. In the example that he quotes,
\|(7\pm 3 \sqrt{

...(continued)
Marcus Appleby Apr 13 2017 19:16 UTC

I worded that badly, since you clearly have explained the sense in which you are using the word. I am wondering, however, how your definition relates to the usual one. Is it a generalization? Or just plain different? For instance, would a SIC be equiangular relative to your definition (using SI

...(continued)
Marcus Appleby Apr 13 2017 18:54 UTC

I am a little confused by this. As I use the term, lines are equiangular if and only if the "trace of pairwise product of (distinct) projectors is constant". You seem to be using the word in a different sense. It might be helpful if you were to explain exactly what is that sense.